Improvement in heating-furnaces



Z Sheets-Sheet 1. P. MARTIN.

HEATING FURNACE. Na.179,Z10. Patented June 27,1876.

NJETERS, PHOTO-LITHQGRAPNER. WASHINGTON D .C

ZSheetsrSheetZQ P. MARTIN.

, HEATING'FURNACE. v No.179,210. Pate'nted'June 27,1876.

NYPETERS. PHOTO-UTNOGRAPNER, WASHINGTON. D. C,

UNITED STATES PATENT GEErGE.

PETER MABTIN,'OF BUFFALO, NEW YORK.

IMPROVEMENT IN HEATING-FURNACES.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 179,210, dated June 27, 1876; application filed May 3, 1876.

To all whom it may concern: Be it known that 1, PETER MARTIN, of the .city of Buffalo, in the county of Erie and derstood from the following description.

In the accompanying drawings, consisting of two sheets, Figure 1 is a vertical section of a furnace provided with my improvements.-

Fig. 2 is a vertical section at right angles to Fig. 1. Fig.3isadetached sectional view of the pipe connecting the ascending ventilating-flue with the air-space around the fuel-magazine. Figs. 4, 5, and 6 are horizontal sections in lines ma, 1 y, and z z, respectively. Fig. 7 is a sectional view of the pipe-joint.

Like letters of reference refer to like parts in each of the figures.

A represents the base-plate of the'apparatus, provided with openings at, through which the cold air enters the apparatus. B represents the ash-pit, extending-at the front to the exterior shell 0 of the apparatus, and surrounded at its sides and back by a hot-air chamber, D, as clearly shown in Fig. 6. E

represents the grate F, the fire-pot G, the combustion-chamber; H, the descending fines leading from the combustion-chamber to the lower hot-air space D. I represents the direct flue or smoke-pipe, extending from the top of the combustion-chamber G backward; and K, the ascending flue connecting the back of the lower hot-air chamber D with the smoke-pipe I. 1) represents openings formed in the sides of the ash-pit, so as to form a communication between the latter and the surrounding chamber D. b are doors or slides for closing the openings 1). They are provided with suitable rods or handles, so as to be conveniently oper-v ated. Upon opening the lower front 'door I) and the inner doors b and shaking the grate, the fine ashes and dust will be drawn through the openings 1) by the draft into the chamber 1), and be carried off through the flue K and smoke-pipe I, thus preventing the ashes and dust from being blown out into the room.

f represents a coil of water pipes arranged around the inner or outer sides of the fire-pot, or on both sides thereof, as may be preferred, in order to prevent the fire-pot from being overheated, and the air coming in contact therewith from being burned. The coil or coils f are supplied with water by a pipe or pipes, I, from a tank, L, secured to the outer shell 0 at a suitable height, or from any other suitable source. M represents a warm-water space or radiator, arranged within the shell O, and consisting of two horizontal hollow rings, m m, connected by vertical pipes 02.

The radiator M is connected with one or both-of the coils f by a pipe, 0, so that the water, which has become heated in its passage through the coil f, circulates through the radiator M, and thereby assists in heating the air passing through the apparatus. In this manner the excess of heat abstracted from the burning fuel by the coil f, in order to prevent the overheating of the fire-pot, is rendered useful for warming the air in a most effectual manner, as it is distributed over a large surface.

When the radiator M is not employed in a furnace provided with the coil f, the dischargepipe of the latter may be connected with any ordinary kitchen-boiler.

The discharge-pipe of the radiator M may be connected with the tank L, so as to use the same water over and over again, no new supply being required except for the loss of water by leakage or evaporation; or the discharge-pipe of the radiator M may be extended to some of rooms to be heated, and there connected with suitable radiators, similar to those used in ordinary water or steam heating apparatus.

P represents a coil of pipe, arranged on the top of the central portion of the furnace, and connected at both its lower and upper ends with the water-tank L, the top coil being arranged slightly above the water-level of the tank L, and provided on its upper side with perforations. The water, entering the coil 1? from the tank L, becomes heated, and is gradually evaporated, the vapor escaping through the perforations of the top coil, and mixing with the air passing through the apparatus.

Q represents an ascending ventilating flue or pipe, arranged within the apparatus, so as to be heated thereby. Its lower end communicates with the room in which the apparatus is placed, or it may be provided with branch pipes leading to the several rooms intended to be ventilated, and opening near the floors thereof, so as to remove the vitiated air therefrom. The upper end of the ventilating-flue Q connects with the smoke-pipe I, or, if preferred, directly wi 11 the chimney. The flue or pipe Q becoming heated, the air contained therein is expanded, and escapes into the chimney, thereby causing an upward draft through the flue Q, whereby the vitiated air is removed from the building, and a perfect ventilation maintained by a trifling expendi- 1 ture of heat.

It represents the fuel-magazine, provided with a feed-spout, J, and R, a jacket or case arranged around the fuel-magazine, so as to form an air-space, S, between the same.

W represents a passage connecting the lower part of the air-space S with the flue Q, and provided with a damper, s. q is a damper arranged in the flueQabove the passage W. T is a flue or pipe, connecting the upper part of the air-space S with the smoke-pipe I, as clearly shown in Fig. 2.

Upon closing the damper q and opening the damper s, the vitiated air, instead of passing directly from the flue Q to the stove-pipe I, will pass through the passage W into the airspace S, and circulate around the magazine It, and finally escape through the pipe T. The air circulating around the magazine R prevents the same from being overheated or burned out, and at the same time, in becoming heated, creates the necessary draft for maintaining the ventilation. The magazine t is provided near its lower end with a flange, r, resting upon an upturned flange, 1", formed at the lower end of thejacket R, which latter is provided at the top with a flange, W, by which it rests upon the top of the combustionchamber G. The latter is provided around its central opening with three concentric flanges, forming two annular grooves, into the inner one of which engages the flange of the jacket R, while-in the outer groove fits a flange, r formed with the magazine R for supporting the same. After the jacket and magazine are arranged in place the grooves are filled out with cement to form gas-tight joints. In this manner the magazine and jacket are readily constructed and secured in place, while at the same time reliable joints are formed.

The passage W, connecting the flue Q with the air-space S, is preferably constructed in the following manner, and as clearly shown in Fig. 3: That portion of the passage W which lies between the flue Q and combustion-chamber G is cast with the latter, while that portion lying between the combustion-chamber and the jacket R is composed of a separate tube, U, made of less diameter than the outer formed by means of suitable cement.

portion, and provided at its outer end with a flange, u, fitting against the outer wall of the combustion-chamber, and near its inner end with a collar, a fitting against the jacket 1%.. The tube U is held in place by a Wedge or pin, n passed through a hole in the inner end of the tube on the inner side of the jacket Ii. An annular washer is preferably placed under the outer flange of the tube U, so as to enable a gas-tight joint to be V represents the hinged cover of the feed-spout J of the magazine, and 'u a pipe leading from the top of the magazine to the flue T. a represents a damper arranged in the pipe 7;, and connected with the hinged cover V by a rod, 11 in such manner that the cover V and damper v are opened and closed simultaneously, thereby permitting the gas to escape through the pipe v when the cover V is opened, while the escape-opening is closed, and the ignition of the coal prevented when the cover V is closed.

In Fig. 9 is represented my improved joint, which is employed for connecting the fiues to the combustion-chamber, and the latter with the fire-pot. to be connected is provided on its upper side with an annular groove, it, while the upper one is provided with a similar tongue, t, of less size than the groove, so as to leave, when the parts are put together, a space between the tongue and groove. The latter being filled with fire-clay or other suitable cement, the upper part is applied, the tongue t embedding itself in the cement in the groove t until the surfaces of the two parts come in contact, when the cement will be confined in the groove, thereby forming a gas-tight joint. The cold air entering through the apertures a in the bottom of the apparatus comes in contact with the hot' surfaces of the inner furnace and surrounding radiator M, and, after being supplied with the requisite quantity of moisture by evaporation from the coil '1?, is conducted to the apartments intended to be heated, in an ordinary manner, by pipes a, connecting with the top plate of the apparatus.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by v Letters Patent, is-

1. The combination, with the ash-pit B, of the surrounding chamber D, provided with openings b and doors I), for permitting the fine ashes and dust to be carried off, substantially as hereinbefore set forth.

2. The combination, with the fire-pot]? and coil or coils of water-pipes f, of the radiator M, receiving the water heated in the coilf, substantially as and for the purpose hereinbefore set forth.

3. The combination, with the fire-pot F and coil or coils of water-pipe f, of the radiator M, tank L, and connecting-pipes, forming a complete circuit for the water, substantially as hereinbefore set forth.

The lower one of the parts.

4. In a heating-furnace, the coil of waterpipe P, provided with perforations on upper side, and arranged within the warmiair space, in combination with the water-tank L, so that the vapors generated in the coil can comminglc' with the heated air, substantially as and for the purpose hereinbefore set forth.

5. The combination with the fuel-magazine and inclosing case or jacket, forming an airspace around the magazine, of draft-passages admitting the external air to the lower portion of said air-space, and connecting the upper portion thereof with the smoke-flue, so as to effect a continuous ventilation and prevent the overheating of the magazine, substantially as hereinbefore set forth.

6. The combination, with the ventilating flue Q and magazine R, of the jacket R, pas-l PETER MARTIN. Witnesses:

EDWARD WILHELM, CHAS. J. BUOHHEIT. 

